Dr. Kanchan Kaur, Senior Director, Breast Cancer, Medanta – The Medicity, Gurgaon
Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer found globally, representing one in four of all cancers in women. In 2022, an estimated 23 lakh women were diagnosed with breast cancer across the world, and 6.7 lakh died of the disease. In India, breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, and has a high incidence rate in North Eastern states.
Strong family history and a documented genetic mutation is the only definite risk factor accounting for only about 10% of all breast cancer cases . In a majority of cases , the exact reason cannot be defined. Multiple factors can play a role in increasing the risk. These include, early onset of periods and delayed menopause, late child birth, not having any pregnancies, obesity, possible harmful effects of pesticides and insecticides in food and environment, stress, consumption of alcohol , among others. In India, breast cancer peaks in 4th and 5th decade .Young breast cancer under the age of 40, is also more common in India than in the west. 1% of males can also develop this type of cancer.
Early detection is crucial for successful treatment .
Once breast cancer is detected, one of the most important steps is to seek accurate and reliable information about the diagnosis and treatment options. Understanding what lies ahead helps patients feel more in control and better equipped to make informed decisions with their healthcare team. Asking questions openly, keeping a record of medical advice, and discussing side effects or concerns with doctors can ease much of the anxiety associated with the disease.
A breast cancer diagnosis can feel overwhelming, often bringing a mix of fear, uncertainty, and anxiety. However, it is very important to remember that the fight against cancer is not only about the body: the patient’s mental fortitude and attitude can go a long way in battling the disease, which is why those affected need a holistic approach towards cancer care. It is often observed that patients with a positive attitude are better able to cope with cancer-related problems, and may respond better to therapy.
Various studies have shown that nearly a third of all cancer patients can experience anxiety, depression, or post-traumatic stress. Many people find benefit in counselling, where they can explore their fears, stress, and hopes in a safe space. Spiritual practices or mindfulness techniques, such as meditation, prayer, or journaling, can offer additional strength and peace of mind.
All good cancer centres have a range of counsellors that are available for patients, and it is very important for an oncologist — especially one dealing with a breast cancer patient — to thoroughly guide the affected person as well as their caregiver through any and all questions that they may have.
Family and friends are also an important part of the cancer journey , especially so in the Indian setting. Being part of cancer support groups , helps allay fear of isolation , through shared experiences. Reaching out for help, staying connected with supportive people, and taking each step at a manageable pace can make the process less daunting. With the right blend of medical care, emotional support, and self-care, many individuals find the strength to navigate breast cancer with courage and hope.
The treatment of breast cancer is not limited to just one modality — usually it is a combination of multiple rounds of various therapies such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, through which the medical team attempts to bring about the best outcome for the patient.
This schedule can be gruelling for patient and caregiver alike — the treatment can last anywhere from a few months to several years, so it is important for the patient to keep her spirits up. At the same time, caregivers and friends must strongly refrain from trying to give half-cooked medical advice as this often does more harm than good.
Caring for the body is equally essential. A balanced diet, regular light physical activity (as recommended by a doctor), and adequate rest contribute to overall well-being and recovery. Managing stress through relaxation exercises, breathing techniques, or hobbies can also help maintain a sense of normalcy.
In the cancer journey, the caregivers’ well-being is also important — most immediate relatives of cancer patients suffer from physical and financial stress, loss of privacy and/or personal time because of caring for the patient, or sleep disturbances. In fact, various studies have shown that the caregiver’s physical and psychological well-being too can adversely be affected.
Coping with breast cancer is not just about managing the illness itself, but also about nurturing emotional well-being and drawing strength from support systems. Every individual’s journey is unique, but with the right combination of medical care, self-care, and encouragement from loved ones, it is possible to face the challenges with resilience. The bottom line is that the cancer patient should not only survive, but thrive .
